Alkali activation is a process in which aluminosilicate materials, such as fly ash, slag, and other industrial by-products, are mixed with an alkaline activator solution to produce a cementitious material. This process is often used as a sustainable alternative to traditional Portland cement production, as it can reduce the amount of CO2 emissions and energy consumption associated with cement manufacturing. Alkali activation has gained increasing attention in recent years due to its potential for enhancing the mechanical properties and durability of concrete, as well as its ability to utilize industrial waste materials. Researchers in this field investigate the chemistry, microstructure, and properties of alkali-activated materials, as well as ways to optimize their performance for various applications in construction and infrastructure. Overall, alkali activation research aims to develop more sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives to conventional cement-based materials.